Publications

Latest publications

Liu, Lixi, Jes Brossman, Yingli Lou. 2023. ResStock Communities LEAP Pilot Residential Housing Analysis - Detailed Methodology. link

Brossman, Jes, Lixi Liu, Ben Polly, Elaina Present, Jenny Erwin. 2023. State Level Residential Building Stock and Energy Efficiency & Electrification Packages Analysis. Tableau Dashboard. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory. link

Gorman, W., Barbose, G., Carvallo, J. P., Baik, S., Miller, C., White, P., & Praprost, M. (2023). County-level assessment of behind-the-meter solar and storage to mitigate long duration power interruptions for residential customers. Applied Energy, 342, 121166. link

Rauschkolb, N. (2023). Efficient Adoption of Residential Energy Technologies Through Improved Electric Retail Rate Design (Doctoral dissertation, Columbia University). link

Williams, J. et al. (2022). Enhancing Resilience in Buildings Through Energy Efficiency. PNNL-SA-177117. link

Berrill, P., Wilson, E. J., Reyna, J. L., Fontanini, A. D., & Hertwich, E. G. (2022). Decarbonization pathways for the residential sector in the United States. Nature Climate Change, 12(8), 712-718. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-022-01429-y

Chen, J., Adhikari, R., Wilson, E., Robertson, J., Fontanini, A., Polly, B., & Olawale, O. (2022). Stochastic simulation of occupant-driven energy use in a bottom-up residential building stock model. Applied Energy, 325, 119890. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119890

Pigman, M., Frick, N. M., Wilson, E., Parker, A., & Present, E. (2022). End-Use Load Profiles for the US Building Stock: Practical Guidance on Accessing and Using the Data. link

Wilson, Eric J. H., Parker, Andrew, Fontanini, Anthony, Present, Elaina, Reyna, Janet L., Adhikari, Rajendra, Bianchi, Carlo, CaraDonna, Christopher, Dahlhausen, Matthew, Kim, Janghyun, LeBar, Amy, Liu, Lixi, Praprost, Marlena, Zhang, Liang, DeWitt, Peter, Merket, Noel, Speake, Andrew, Hong, Tianzhen, Li, Han, Mims Frick, Natalie, Wang, Zhe, Blair, Aileen, Horsey, Henry, Roberts, David, Trenbath, Kim, Adekanye, Oluwatobi, Bonnema, Eric, El Kontar, Rawad, Gonzalez, Jonathan, Horowitz, Scott, Jones, Dalton, Muehleisen, Ralph T., Platthotam, Siby, Reynolds, Matthew, Robertson, Joseph, Sayers, Kevin, and Li, Qu. 2022. End-Use Load Profiles for the U.S. Building Stock: Methodology and Results of Model Calibration, Validation, and Uncertainty Quantification. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NREL/TP-5500-80889. https://doi.org/10.2172/1854582.

Reyna, Janet, Eric Wilson, Andrew Parker, Aven Satre-Meloy, Amy Egerter, Carlo Bianchi, Marlena Praprost, Andrew Speake, Lixi Liu, Ry Horsey, Matthew Dahlhausen. Chris CaraDonna, and Stacey Rothgeb. 2022. U.S. Building Stock Characterization Study: A National Typology for Decarbonizing U.S. Buildings. NREL/TP-5500-83063. https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy22osti/83063.pdf

Brian F. Gerke, Cong Zhang, Samanvitha Murthy, Andrew J. Satchwell, Elaina Present, Henry Horsey, Eric Wilson, Andrew Parker, Andrew Speake, Rajendra Adhikari, Mary Ann Piette (2022). Load-driven interactions between energy efficiency and demand response on regional grid scales. Advances in Applied Energy. 100092. 10.1016/j.adapen.2022.100092.

Primary ResStock publications

Wilson, E. J. H., Christensen, C. B., Horowitz, S. G., Robertson, J. J., & Maguire, J. B. (2017). Energy Efficiency Potential in the US Single-Family Housing Stock (No. NREL/TP-5500-68670). National Renewable Energy Lab.(NREL), Golden, CO (United States). DOI: 10.2172/1414819

Wilson, E., Christensen, C., Horowitz, S., & Horsey, H. (2016). A high-granularity approach to modeling energy consumption and savings potential in the US residential building stock. Proceedings of SimBuild, 6(1). https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy22osti/83077.pdf

Wilson, E., & Merket, N. (2018) An Interactive Visualization Tool for Large-Scale Building Stock Modeling. Proceedings of 2018 Building Performance Modeling Conference and SimBuild (338). ASHRAE and IBPSA-USA. Chicago, IL (United States). Link

Wilson, E. J. H., Harris, C. B., Robertson, J. J., & Agan, J. (2019). Evaluating energy efficiency potential in low-income households: A flexible and granular approach. Energy Policy, 129, 710-737. DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2019.01.054

Preparing for a City-Scale Building Energy Upgrade Analysis: A Case Study for New York City (July 2019). National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NREL/MK-5500-71727. https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy19osti/71727.pdf

Other Media

ResStock Training Videos, Link

SLOPE: State and Local Planning for Energy, https://maps.nrel.gov/slope

Construction Physics Substack. (2022). "Looking at Energy Use in US Residential Buildings". Link.

Energy Insecurity in the South. (2021). Southeast Energy Efficiency Alliance (SEEA) & Texas Energy Poverty Research Institute (TEPRI). https://www.seealliance.org/initiatives/energy-insecurity/

Carbon Switch. (2020). An Analysis of Joe Biden’s Plan to Cut Building Emissions. https://carbonswitch.com/an-analysis-of-joe-bidens-climate-plan/

Daniel, Joseph. (2019). The Energy Burden: How Bad is it and How to Make it Less Bad. Union of Concerned Scientists Blog. https://blog.ucsusa.org/joseph-daniel/how-to-make-energy-burden-less-bad

Select Fact Sheets and Case Studies using ResStock

Zaheer, H., et al. (2024) Leveraging ResStock to Improve Utility Decarbonization Program Grid Impact Modeling: Estimating the Effect of Heat Pumps for Space and Water Heating in Eastern Oklahoma ICF. https://publications.ibpsa.org/proceedings/simbuild/2024/papers/simbuild2024_2244.pdf

Factsheets developed through Communities LEAP Pilot Program. Various authors. (2024).

Columbia, South Carolina link

Duluth, Minnesota link

Hill District, Pennsylvania. Version 1. link

Hill District, Pennsylvania. Version 2. link

Jackson County, Illinois. link

Lawrence, Massachusetts. link

Louisville, Kentucky. link

San Jose, California. link

NREL (2022). Achieving 50% Energy Savings in Chicago Homes: A Case Study for Advancing Equity and Climate Goals link

Gee, I., et al. (2022) Don't Mess with Texas: Getting the Lone Star State to Net-Zero by 2050 link

(2021) Raleigh Community Climate Action Plan link

York, D., C.C. (2021) Unrealized Potential: Expanding Energy Efficiency Opportunities for Utility Customers in Florida ACEEE. link

Paul, M., Stokes, L. (2020) State + Local Decarbonization Policies for the South Southern Economic Advancement Project. link

Wilson, E. J. H., Harris, C., & Robertson, J. J. (2018) Evaluating Energy Efficiency Potential in Low-Income Households. (Fact Sheet) (No. NREL/FS-5500-70659). National Renewable Energy Lab.(NREL), Golden, CO (United States). https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1436972

Day, M., A.H. (2018) City Energy: From Data To Decisions. Rochester, New York: Reducing Energy Costs for Low-Income Households (Fact Sheet) (No. DOE/GO-102018-5091). link

Wilson, E. J. H. (2017) ResStock - Targeting Energy and Cost Savings for U.S. Homes. (Fact Sheet) (No. NREL/FS-5500-68653). National Renewable Energy Lab.(NREL), Golden, CO (United States). https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1398250

Recorded webinars

October 28, 2021 Three Years in the Making: Calibrated, Validated, and Publicly Available End Use Load Profiles for the U.S. Building Stock, presented by Eric Wilson and Andrew Parker from NREL and Natalie Mims Frick from LBNL, provides an overview of the project, deatils options to access the end-use load profiles, and shares information on two forthcoming reports. https://emp.lbl.gov/webinar/three-years-making-calibrated-validated

March 29, 2017 Building America webinar: ResStock – Evaluating Home Performance Upgrades Across the U.S. Residential Building Stock https://www.energy.gov/eere/buildings/downloads/resstock-building-america-webinar

Selected publications using ResStock

2024

Belyamani, Mohamed Amine. (2024). County-Level Assessment of Building Stock Thermal Resilience During Heat Waves and Power Outages. August 202. Conference: PLEA 2024. WROCŁAW. link

Govertsen, K., & Kane, M. (2024). Measuring health inequities due to housing characteristics. Buildings and Cities, 5(1), 451–469. link

Murphy, S., et al. (2024). Managing changes in peak demand from building and transportation electrification with energy efficiency. link

Skiles, M. J., et al. (2024) Assessing the Potential for Building Sector Retrofits to Mitigate ERCOT Electricity Shortfalls During Winter Storm Uri link

2023

Govertsen, K. J. (2023). Measuring Heat Vulnerability With Models, Maps, and Workshops (Doctoral dissertation, Northeastern University). link

Kahn-Lang, J. (2023). Essays on Retail Electricity Pricing and Markets (Doctoral dissertation, UC Berkeley). link

Kevala. (2023). Electrification Impacts Study Part 1: Bottom-Up Load Forecasting and System-Level Electrification Impacts Cost Estimates. Prepared for: California Public Utilities Commission, Energy Division Proceeding R.21-06-017. link

Kharbanda, K. (2023). Informed Residential Retrofits: Through THERO: Thermal Resiliency Evaluation Using OpenStudio-HPXML (Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University). link

Earle, L., Maguire, J., Munankarmi, P., & Roberts, D. (2023). The impact of energy-efficiency upgrades and other distributed energy resources on a residential neighborhood-scale electrification retrofit. Applied Energy, 329, 120256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120256

2022

Present, E., Gagnon, P., Wilson, E. J., Merket, N., White, P. R., & Horowitz, S. (2022). Choosing the Best Carbon Factor for the Job: Exploring Available Carbon Emissions Factors and the Impact of Factor Selection. Presented at the 2022 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings link

Haley, B., Jones, R.A., Williams, J.H., Kwok, G., Farbes, J., Hargreaves, J., Pickrell, K., Bentz, D., Waddell, A., Leslie, E., Annual Decarbonization Perspective: Carbon Neutral Pathways for the United States 2022. Evolved Energy Research, 2022. link

Andy Satchwell, Ryan Hledik, Oleksandr Kuzura, Oluwatobi Adekanye, and Chioke Harris. (2022) Valuing Residential Energy Efficiency: Analysis for a Prototypical Southeastern Utility link

Liu, X., Malhotra, M., Li, Y., Lian, J., Wang, X., & Ho, J. (2022). Impact analysis of heating electrification in US buildings with geothermal heat pumps. IGSHPA Research Track. Las Vegas, December 6-8, 2022 https://doi.org/10.22488/okstate.22.000011

King, C. W., Greer, D., Gülen, G., Rhodes, J. D., White, P. R., Méndez-Ruiz, A., Du, J., & Wilson, E.J.H. (2022) Energy Futures Dashboard: The impact of renewable electricity mixes on residential electricity costs, land-use, and carbon emissions via the Energy Futures Dashboard. link

Harris, C. (2022). Pathway to Zero Energy Windows: Advancing Technologies and Market Adoption (No. NREL/TP-5500-80171). National Renewable Energy Lab.(NREL), Golden, CO (United States). https://doi.org/10.2172/1866581

Earle, L., Maguire, J., Munankarmi, P., & Roberts, D. (2022). Colorado Residential Retrofit Energy District (CoRRED) Phase I: Final Modeling Results (No. NREL/TP-5500-82325). National Renewable Energy Lab.(NREL), Golden, CO (United States). https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy22osti/82325.pdf

Elevate Energy. (2022). Characterization of Cold Climate ASHPs in Dane County's Residential Housing Stock. Elevate Equity through Climate Action. https://www.elevatenp.org/wp-content/uploads/Characterization-of-Cold-Climate-ASHPs-in-Dane-County-s-Residential-Housing-Stock-Final.pdf

Miller, G. J., Novan, K., & Jenn, A. (2022). Hourly accounting of carbon emissions from electricity consumption. Environmental Research Letters.

Wang, J., Munankarmi, P., Maguire, J., Shi, C., Zuo, W., Roberts, D., & Jin, X. (2022). Carbon emission responsive building control: A case study with an all-electric residential community in a cold climate. Applied Energy, 314, 118910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.118910

Wijesuriya, S., Booten, C., Bianchi, M., & Kishore, R. A. (2022). Building energy efficiency and load flexibility optimization using phase change materials under futuristic grid scenario. Journal of Cleaner Production, 130561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130561

Ganguli, Sumitrra and Antonopoulos, Chrissi and Gunderson, Patricia, Scoring the Diffusion Potential of Residential Energy-Efficiency Technologies: A Methodology and Demonstration. JEPO-D-21-03416, http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3998734

Langevin, J., Satre-Meloy, A., Satchwell, A., Olszewski, J., Peters, K., Hledik, R., & Chandra-Putra, H. (2022). The role of buildings in U.S. energy system decarbonization by mid-century. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Retrieved from https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6507p161

Amadeh, A., Lee, Z. E., & Zhang, K. M. (2022). Quantifying demand flexibility of building energy systems under uncertainty. Energy, 246, 123291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2022.123291

C. Nägeli, C. Camarasa, M. Delghust, P. Fennell, I. Hamilton, M. Jakob, J. Langevin, J. Laverge, J.L. Reyna, N.H. Sandberg, J. Webster. (2022). Best practice reporting guideline for building stock energy models, Energy and Buildings,Volume 260, 111904, ISSN 0378-7788, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2022.111904.

2021

Rita Ballesteros, David Heslam, and Greg Hopkins, Build Back Better Homes: How to Unlock America’s Single-Family Green Mortgage Market. 2021. RMI. http://www.rmi.org/insight/build-back-better-homes.

Fennell, P., Van Hove, M., Weinberg, L., Bennett, G., Delghust, M., Forthuber, S., ... & Catenazzi, G. (2021). Challenges and Lessons Learned in Applying Sensitivity Analysis to Building Stock Energy Models. In 17th IBPSA International Conference and Exhibition, Building Simulation 2021. https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10129392/

Parker, A., Alkrch, M. A., James, K., Almaghrebi, A., & Alahmad, M. (2021). Framework to Develop Time-and Voltage-Dependent Building Load Profiles using Polynomial Load Models. IEEE Access. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3112937

Zhang, L., Platthotam, S., Reyna, J., Merket, N., Sayers, K., Yang, X., ... & Muehleisen, R. (2021). High-Resolution Hourly Surrogate Modeling Framework for Physics-Based Large-Scale Building Stock Modeling. Sustainable Cities and Society, 103292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103292

Deetjen, T. A., Walsh, L., & Vaishnav, P. (2021). US residential heat pumps: the private economic potential and its emissions, health, and grid impacts. Environmental Research Letters, 16(8), 084024. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac10dc

Philip R. White, Joshua D. Rhodes, Eric J.H. Wilson, Michael E. Webber, 2021. Quantifying the impact of residential space heating electrification on the Texas electric grid, Applied Energy, Volume 298, 2021, 117113, ISSN 0306-2619, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117113

Satchwell, A., Piette, M. A., Khandekar, A., Granderson, J., Frick, N. M., Hledik, R., ... & Nemtzow, D. (2021). A National Roadmap for Grid-Interactive Efficient Buildings. https://gebroadmap.lbl.gov/

Langevin, Jared and Harris, Chioke B. and Satre-Meloy, Aven and Putra, Handi Chandra and Speake, Andrew and Present, Elaina and Adhikari, Rajendra and Wilson, Eric and Satchwell, Andrew, U.S. Building Energy Efficiency and Flexibility as an Electric Grid Resource. Joule. Available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2021.06.002

Cochran, Jaquelin, and Paul Denholm, eds. 2021. The Los Angeles 100% Renewable Energy Study. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NREL/TP-6A20-79444. https://maps.nrel.gov/la100/.

Hale, Elaine, Anthony Fontanini, Eric Wilson, Henry Horsey, Andrew Parker, Matteo Muratori, Colin McMillan, Kelly Sanders, Megan Mooney, David Roberts, Janet Reyna, Rajendra Adhikari,Chioke Harris, Scott Horowitz, Dalton Jones, Noel Merket, Maharshi Pathak, Joseph Robertson, Andrew Speake, Carlo Bianchi, Eric Bonnema, Matthew Dahlhausen, Marlena Praprost, Liang Zhang, Eric Wood, Dong-Yeon Lee, Christopher Neuman, Ricardo Oliveira, Angineh Zohrabian, Jane Lockshin. 2021. “Chapter 3: Electricity Demand Projections.” In The Los Angeles 100% Renewable Energy Study, edited by Jaquelin Cochran and Paul Denholm. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NREL/TP-6A20-79444-3. https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy21osti/79444-3.pdf.

Becker, W., Christensen, D., Cutler, D., Maguire, J., McCabe, K., Reese, S., & Speake, A. (2021). Technoeconomic Design of a Geothermal-Enabled Cold Climate Zero Energy Community. Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 143(10). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4049456

Booten, C., Rao, P., Rapp, V., Jackson, R., & Prasher, R. (2021). Theoretical Minimum Thermal Load in Buildings. Joule, 5(1), 24-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2020.12.015

Kenyon, R. W., Maguire, J., Present, E., Christensen, D., & Hodge, B. M. (2021). Bulk Electric Power System Risks from Coordinated Edge Devices. IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy. https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2021.3052433

Hu, Ming (2021) Assessment of Deep Façade Retrofit Solutions for Housing, Building Technology Educator's Society: Vol. 2021 , Article 12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7275/0rs1-pz07

Nadel, S., Gerbode, C., & Amann, J. (2021). Energy Efficiency and Demand Response: Tools to Address Texas’s Reliability Challenges.https://www.aceee.org/sites/default/files/pdfs/energy_efficiency_and_demand_response_for_texas_10-13-21_final.pdf

Huchuk, B., Sanner, S., & O’Brien, W. (2021). Development and evaluation of data-driven controls for residential smart thermostats. Energy and Buildings, 249, 111201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2021.111201

Fathollahzadeh, M. H., Speake, A., Tabares-Velasco, P. C., Khademian, Z., & Fight, L. L. (2021). Renewable energy analysis in indigenous communities using bottom-up demand prediction. Sustainable Cities and Society, 71, 102932. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.102932

Palmintier, B., Elgindy, T., Mateo, C., Postigo, F., Gómez, T., de Cuadra, F., & Martinez, P. D. (2021). Experiences developing large-scale synthetic US-style distribution test systems. Electric Power Systems Research, 190, 106665. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106665

Panossian, N., Elgindy, T., Palmintier, B., & Wallison, D. (2021, February). Synthetic, Realistic Transmission and Distribution Co-Simulation for Voltage Control Benchmarking. In 2021 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC) (pp. 1-5). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEC51183.2021.9384935

Das, S., Wilson, E., Williams, E. (2021) The impact of behavioral and geographic heterogeneity on residential-sector carbon abatement costs. Energy and Buildings https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110611

2020

Speake, A.; Donohoo-Vallett, P.; Wilson, E.; Chen, E.; Christensen, C. Residential Natural Gas Demand Response Potential during Extreme Cold Events in Electricity-Gas Coupled Energy Systems. Energies 2020, 13, 5192. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13195192

Winkler, J., Das, S., Earle, L., Burkett, L., Robertson, J., Roberts, D., & Booten, C. (2020). Impact of installation faults in air conditioners and heat pumps in single-family homes on U.S. energy usage. Applied Energy, 278, 115533. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115533

Gerke, B.F., Zhang, C., Satchwell, A., Murthy, S., Piette, M.A., Present, E., Wilson, E., Speake, A. and Adhikari, R., 2020. Modeling the Interaction Between Energy Efficiency and Demand Response on Regional Grid Scales. Presented at the 2020 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings, 17-21 August 2020. (No. NREL/CP-5500-77423). https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1668858

Das, Saptarshi, Effects of heterogeneity, technological progress and interaction on carbon mitigation costs (2020). Thesis. Rochester Institute of Technology. Accessed from https://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses/10389

Gold, R., Cohn, C., Hoffmeister, A., & Molina, M. (2020). How energy efficiency can help rebuild North Carolina’s economy. https://www.aceee.org/sites/default/files/pdfs/u2007.pdf

King, C. W., Greer, D., Du, J., Rhodes, J. D., White, P. R., & Heun, M., & Wilson, E.J.H. (2020) Energy Futures Dashboard: Calculation of Historical, Baseline, and Future Energy Flows to 2050 by Region. link

Li, H., Wert, J. L., Birchfield, A. B., Overbye, T. J., San Roman, T. G., Domingo, C. M., ... & Palmintier, B. (2020). Building Highly Detailed Synthetic Electric Grid Data Sets for Combined Transmission and Distribution Systems. IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy, 7, 478-488. https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2020.3029278

Murphy, C., Hotchkiss, E. L., Anderson, K. H., Barrows, C. P., Cohen, S. M., Dalvi, S., ... & Wilson, E. J. (2020). Adapting Existing Energy Planning, Simulation, and Operational Models for Resilience Analysis (No. NREL/TP-6A20-74241). National Renewable Energy Lab.(NREL), Golden, CO (United States). 10.2172/1602705

2019

Mims Frick, N., Wilson, E. J., Reyna, J., Parker, A. S., Present, E. K., Kim, J., ... & Eckman, T. (2019). End-Use Load Profiles for the US Building Stock: Market Needs, Use Cases, and Data Gaps (No. NREL/TP-5500-75215; DOE/GO-102019-5217). National Renewable Energy Lab.(NREL), Golden, CO (United States). 10.2172/1576489

Christensen, Dane T, Becker, William L, Speake, Andrew, McCabe, Kevin, Bench Reese, Samantha R, Maguire, Jeffrey B, Cutler, Dylan S, and Dorsey, Caitlin. (2019) Geothermal-Enabled Zero Energy Electric Community—An Integrated System Design Study: Preprint. Presented at the Geothermal Resources Council (GRC) Annual Meeting & Expo, 15-18 September 2019, Palm Springs, California, United States. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1573781

2018

Blanding, I. & Ehrendreich, G. (2018). You’re Getting Warmer: A Comparison of Gas Furnaces and Heat Pumps in Midwest Homes Midwest Energy Efficiency Alliance (MEEA). https://www.mwalliance.org/sites/default/files/Furnaces-vs-ASHPs-Sept18.pdf

Christensen, D. T., Jin, X., Sparn, B. F., Isley, S., Balamurugan, S. P., Carmichael, S., ... & Lurbe, S. (2018). TIP-337 Home Battery System for Cybersecure Energy Efficiency and Demand Response (No. NREL/TP-5500-72184). National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States). https://doi.org/10.2172/1484853

Hale, E. T., Horsey, H. R., Muratori, M., Wilson, E. J., Borlaug, B. A., Christensen, C. B., ... & Rossol, M. N. (2018). The Demand-Side Grid (dsgrid) Model Documentation (No. NREL/TP-6A20-71492). National Renewable Energy Lab.(NREL), Golden, CO (United States). DOI: 10.2172/1465659 DOI: 10.2172/1471555

Podkaminer, Kara, Valerie Nubbe, Ben King, Ookie Ma, Jared Langevin, John R. Mayernik, Chioke Harris, and Eric J. Wilson. Is Every kWh the Same? How Do Energy Efficiency Measures Stack Up Across Regions? Presented at the 2018 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings, 12-17 August 2018, Pacific Grove, California (No. NREL/CP-5500-72080). https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1524757

Saxena, M., Coffey, B., May-Ostendorp, P., Rasin, J., Wilson, E. J., Horowitz, S. G. (2018). Simplifying Energy Efficiency for Homeowners-Results from a California Utility's Pilot Study of a Scalable Solution to Assess Retrofit and Solar Opportunities: Preprint Presented at the 2018 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings, 12-17 August 2018, Pacific Grove, California (No. NREL/CP-5500-72176). https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1479631

Data Dashboards

Tabular dashboard with state-by-state technical and economic savings results for all measures and packages from DOI: 10.2172/1414819

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